Getting Started with GMRS

GMRS radios allow you to instantly communicate with friends and family. They are great tools for camping, hiking, offroading and other outdoor activities. They can also be used for disaster preparedness, general comms around the home and neighborhood, and much more! If you're looking for reliable short range communications for such activities, a GMRS radio is certainly worth consideration. Here's how to get started with GMRS.

What is GMRS?
GMRS is an acronym for General Mobile Radio Service. GMRS is available for personal use and is a popular choice among consumers and a growing number of radio hobbyists. There are 30 GMRS channels available, consisting of 22 simplex channels and eight repeater channels. The 22 simplex channels are shared with the FRS, or Family Radio Service. Channels 1-7 are limited to 5 watts of power. Channels 8-14 are low power channels with a maximum of one half of one watt, and channels 15-22 are allowed to operate at up to 50 watts. Check out the list of FRS and GMRS Frequencies available.

Do I need a license for GMRS?
If you haven’t already, you will need a GMRS license. It’s easy to get, costs only $35 and is good for 10 years. No test is required. Once your license is issued, you’ll have a call sign to identify yourself to others when talking on your GMRS radio.

How do I get a license?
To purchase a GMRS license, visit the FCC website at fcc.gov and complete form 605. Once you pay the license fee and receive your GMRS call sign, you’re on your way. Learn how to get a GMRS license in only four steps.

Who is covered by my license?
Your GMRS license is valid for you and all members of your immediate family, regardless of age. Watch our video Radio 101 - Who is covered by a GMRS License? for more information.

I have a GMRS radio and a license to use it. Now what?
Talk on your radio! You can do a lot of cool things with a GMRS radio, such as connecting with caravans on road trips, emergency communications, going on outdoor adventures, coordinating community events, and simply staying in touch with family and friends. You can even talk on a repeater to communicate across long distances!

What is a repeater?
A repeater is a device that receives a radio signal and re-transmits or repeats it across a broader area, greatly increasing range. The repeater transmits the signal at a much higher wattage than a typical handheld radio, allowing for a much larger coverage area. Using repeaters, you can communicate with other GMRS users over long distances – even hundreds of miles!

How do I find a repeater?
Repeaters exist across the continental US. A national directory of repeaters is located online at myGMRS.com. You will need to join myGMRS.com to access the database, but once you do, simply type in your zip code to locate repeaters within your area.

How do I use a repeater?
Once a repeater is located, you will need to obtain permission to access it. Some repeaters are available to the public, while others are private. Once permission is granted, you will need the receive frequency, the transmit frequency and the CTCSS tones or DCS codes the repeater uses in order to access it.

What are CTCSS and DCS?
Also known as Privacy Codes and numerous other names, CTCSS tones and DCS Codes help reduce interference by filtering out transmissions from other parties that are using the same channel or frequency. When used with repeaters, these tones and codes serve as an “access key” of sorts to allow communications by radio operators who are granted permission to use the repeater system.

Some repeaters use the same CTCSS tone or DCS code for both transmit and receive, while others use a different tone or code for each, also known as split tones. Some repeaters don’t use them at all. It all depends on the repeater.

Where can I find more information?
There is huge repository of blog articles, podcasts, videos, and other resources about GMRS available at Buy Two Way Radios. Here is a List of Two Way Radio Resources to find the information you need.